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705: Beathaichean, a chaidh à bith, air mapaichean na h-Alba (3)

Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh - Eadar-mheadhanach Adhartach (B2)
Letter to Learners - Upper Intermediate (B2)

Litir sheachdaineach do luchd-ionnsachaidh le clàr-fuaime, tar-sgrìobhadh is mìneachadh. A weekly letter to Gaelic learners with audio, transcription and explanation.

Tha an litir ag obrachadh leis an fhaclair. Tagh an taba ‘teacsa Gàidhlig’ agus tagh facal sam bith san teacsa agus fosglaidh am faclair ann an taba ùr agus bidh mìneachadh den fhacal ann. The letter is integrated with the dictionary. Select the tab ‘Gaelic text’ and choose any word and the dictionary will open and you will see the English explanation of the Gaelic word.

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Beathaichean, a chaidh à bith, air mapaichean na h-Alba (3)

Gaelic Gàidhlig

Ri taobh rathad mòr an A9 aig Druim Uachdair, chìthear beinn mhòr air a bheil An Torc, no ann am Beurla, The Boar of Badenoch. Thathar ag ràdh gur e cumadh na beinne as coireach ris an ainm. Tha i coltach ri druim tuirc, gu h-àraidh bhon cheann a tuath. Ach tha cuideachd stòiridh ann, co-cheangailte ris a’ bheinn, gu bheil taibhs-tuirc a’ tathaich oirre.

Gu deas air an Torc, tha beinn air a bheil The Sow of Atholl. Tha seann ainm oirre cuideachd, a th’ air na mapaichean fhathast – Meall an Dobharchain. Tha cuid a’ dèanamh dheth gu bheil sin a’ ciallachadh the hill of the watercress ach chan eil sin ro choltach dhòmhsa. Saoilidh mi gu bheil Meall an Dobharchain a’ ciallachadh the hill of the boundary, stèidhichte air an t-seann fhacal dobhar, a bha a’ ciallachadh ‘crìoch eadar dà oighreachd’ (uaireannan stèidhichte air uisge, ’s dòcha, oir bha dobhar cuideachd a’ ciallachadh ‘uisge’). Agus dè bha eadar Meall an Dobharchain agus an Torc? Bha a’ chrìoch eadar Athall is Bàideanach. Sin far a bheil i fhathast.

Tha amharas agam gur ann am Beurla a chaidh an t-ainm Sow of Atholl a chruthachadh mar sgàthan air The Boar of Badenoch, ach chan urrainn dhomh a bhith cinnteach às a sin. Chaidh aithris ann an naoi ceud deug is seachd-deug (1917) gur e A’ Mhuc Athallach a bh’ oirre mar ainm ann an Gàidhlig. Ach an robh sin na eadar-theangachadh air a’ Bheurla, no am buineadh an t-ainm do sheann dualchas Gàidhlig? Ma tha fios agaibh fhèin air a’ ghnothach, bu mhath leam cluinntinn bhuaibh.

Tha adhbhar eile ann airson ainm an tuirc-nimhe a bhith air clàr-dùthcha na Gàidhealtachd, a bharrachd air cumadh beinne no gun robh am beathach sin beò ann uaireigin. ’S e sin gu bheilear ag aithneachadh àiteachan far an robh tuirc ann, a rèir beul-aithris. Agus tha beul-aithris a’ cur gu mòr ri sealladh nan Gàidheal air a’ Ghàidhealtachd.

Mar eisimpleir, tha Loch an Tuirc agus Càrn Loch an Tuirc ann an Ros an Ear, deas air Beinn Uais. Agus rin taobh tha Beinn a’ Ghuilbein. Far am faicear guilbein no gulbain no a leithid co-cheangailte ri beinn, ’s ann tric a tha an stòiridh ainmeil Diarmad agus Gràinne stèidhichte ann. Anns an sgeulachd sin, tha Diarmad a’ marbhadh torc-nimhe, ach tha an torc-nimhe cuideachd ag adhbharachadh bàs a’ ghaisgich.

An e sin as coireach ris an ainm-àite Càrn an Tuirc eadar Gleann Sìth agus Bràigh Mhàrr? Faisg air làimh tha Beinn Ghulbain, an t-àite as ainmeile ann an Alba airson stòiridh Dhiarmaid agus Gràinne. ’S ann air Beinn Ghulbain a chaidh an torc, agus Diarmad, a mharbhadh.

Faisg air Loch an Lagain, deas air Creag Mèagaidh, tha cnoc ann air a bheil Tòrr a’ Ghuilbinn. Faisg air, tha Lochan an Tuirc. ’S iongantach mura h-e beul-aithris as coireach ri ainmeachadh an tuirc an sin cuideachd.

An e sin e airson nam beathaichean a bha uaireigin ann an Alba agus a chaidh à bith? Uill, chan e buileach. An-ath-sheachdain, anns an Litir mu dheireadh air a’ chuspair seo, bheir sinn sùil air dà chreutair a thugadh air ais a dh’Alba, agus a nochdas ann an ainmean-àite. Agus cuiridh mi geall gun cuir fear dhiubh iongnadh oirbh. Chun na h-ath-sheachdain, ma-thà, beannachd leibh.

Faclan na Litreach: Druim Uachdair: Drumochter; druim tuirc: a boar’s back; beul-aithris: oral tradition; Loch an Lagain: Loch Laggan.

Abairtean na Litreach: chìthear beinn mhòr: a big hill will be seen; thathar ag ràdh gur e cumadh na beinne as coireach ris an ainm: it’s said that the mountain’s shape is responsible for the name; gu h-àraidh bhon cheann a tuath: especially from the north; gu bheil taibhs-tuirc a’ tathaich oirre: that the ghost of a boar roams there; tha cuid a’ dèanamh dheth: some people reckon; a’ chrìoch eadar Athall is Bàideanach: the boundary between Atholl and Badenoch; sin far a bheil i fhathast: that’s where it is still [to this day]; tha amharas agam gur ann am Beurla a chaidh an t-ainm a chruthachadh: I suspect the name was created in English; mar sgàthan air:as a mirror to; chan urrainn dhomh a bhith cinnteach às a sin: I can’t be certain of that; am buineadh an t-ainm do sheann dualchas:did the name belong to an old heritage; gu bheilear ag aithneachadh àiteachan: that places are recognised; deas air Beinn Uais: south of Ben Wyvis; tha Diarmad a’ marbhadh torc-nimhe: Diarmad kills a fierce wild boar; tha an torc-nimhe ag adhbharachadh bàs a’ ghaisgich: the wild boar causes the death of the hero; ’s iongantach mura h-e beul-aithris as coireach:it’s likely that oral tradition is responsible; cuiridh mi geall gun cuir fear dhiubh iongnadh oirbh: I bet one of them will surprise you.

Puing-chànain na Litreach: Meall an Dobharchain (the Gaelic name for the Sow of Atholl) is usually explained as ‘the hill of the watercress’, which has always seemed unlikely to me. Although dobhar-lus means ‘watercress’ it can actually apply to any aquatic plant (dobhar is an obsolete Gaelic word for ‘water’ that is preserved in dòbhran ‘otter’). But even that seems unlikely, on the basis of ecology or landscape, to have given the mountain its name. Dobhar is also given in Armstrong’s dictionary as ‘the border of a country; a territory’ (it’s dobhair in Dwelly) and this seems more likely to be the root of dobharchan, as Meall an Dobharchain marks the ancient northern limit of Atholl, where it meets Badenoch. The name means ‘the hill of the boundary’. If you have any thoughts on this name, I’d be pleased to hear from you.

Gnàthas-cainnt na Litreach: An e sin e airson nam beathaichean a bha uaireigin ann an Alba agus a chaidh à bith?: is that it for the animals that used to live in Scotland and became extinct?

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Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh

This letter corresponds to Tha an Litir seo a’ buntainn ri An Litir Bheag 401

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